How to determine the quality of ceramic insulators?
Release Date:
2025-08-18
Deformation Inspection: Place the ceramic body on a flat platform and observe whether it is stable and uniform, whether the edges are smooth, and whether the mounting holes are round and smooth.
The quality assessment of porcelain insulators is mainly conducted through the following methods:
Visual inspection
Crack detection: Tap the porcelain body lightly with a thin rod; a dull sound may indicate internal cracks.
Deformation inspection: Place the porcelain body on a flat platform to observe if it is stable and uniform, check if the edges are smooth, and if the mounting holes are round and smooth.
Glaze quality: The glaze should be delicate and smooth, with no stains or spots after water droplets.
Performance testing
Insulation resistance measurement
The insulation resistance of porcelain insulators in operation should be ≥500MΩ (for 500kV and above) or 300MΩ (below 500kV).
Measurements should be taken in a dry environment using a megohmmeter contacting the metal parts at both ends.
Voltage distribution measurement
Use a voltage distribution detector; normal voltage distribution shows a gradient. If the voltage of a certain insulator is significantly lower than adjacent ones, it may be deteriorated.
Ultrasonic flaw detection
Detect surface and internal defects using creeping wave or small-angle longitudinal wave methods; defects with length ≥10mm are considered unqualified.
Regular maintenance
Porcelain insulators in operation should have voltage distribution, insulation resistance, or power frequency withstand voltage tests every 2-4 years.
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